Tangible Images

彬彬

1 Introduction

Visual and haptic rendering pipelines exist concurrently and

compete for computing resources while the refresh rate of haptic

rendering is two orders of magnitude higher than that of visual

rendering (1000 Hz vs. 30-50Hz). However, in certain cases, 3D

visual rendering can be replaced by merely displaying 2D images,

thus releasing the resources to image-driven haptic rendering

algorithms. A number of approaches have been proposed to

provide haptic interaction with 2D images but they suffer from

various problems and do not provide a fully believable impression

of haptic sensation of the 3D scene displayed in the image. Based

on the method of haptic effect generation, the existing approaches

can be classified into techniques that use information derived

from the image, and techniques that use additional information

along with the image to enable haptic interaction. Previously, we

proposed our own method of augmenting images with haptic data

for using them in shared virtual environments [Rasool and Sourin

2010]. The images were augmented with invisible haptic objects

defined by implicit, explicit and parametric mathematical

functions using the function-based extension of the Virtual

Reality Modeling Language [Wei and Sourin, 2011].

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tc

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