Simulating Facial Expressions using

彬彬

Abstract

An anatomically accurate biomechanical model of the human face

for simulating facial expressions is presented in this paper. The

equations governing large (nonlinear) deformations or finite

elasticity were solved using the Finite Element Method with

Hermite family cubic elements to obtain the deformed state of soft

tissue structures. Anatomically accurate 3D geometry of the

muscles were embedded in the FE continuum using grid-based

method. Facial movements were driven by an active contraction

model for skeletal muscles.

Keywords - facial animation, biomechanical model, active contraction

1 Introduction

As computational technologies advance, development of

animation techniques are moving away from pure geometric

techniques to physics-based techniques with anatomically accurate

topologies where facial movements are driven by contraction of

the underlying muscles.

2 Finite Element (FE) Model

3-dimensional models of facial structures were generated based on

digitisation of Visible Human male (VH) dataset [Ackerman et al.

1995]. Skin surface, skull and 13 mimetic muscles were

segmented. This constructed Finite Element (FE) model is based

on the Galerkin finite element formulation of the equations

governing finite elasticity, which is very common for solving large

deformation of biological soft tissues. The FE model is composed

of 218 elements and 508 nodes (Figure 1).

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tc

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tc

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